《植物生理学报》 2014, 50(9): 1315-1321

绿色器官衰老进程中叶绿素降解代谢及其调控的研究进展

陈俊毅, 朱晓宇, 蒯本科*

复旦大学生命科学学院, 植物科学研究所, 遗传工程国家重点实验室, 上海200433

通信作者：蒯本科；E-mail: bkkuai@fudan.edu.cn；Tel: 021-65642648

摘　要：

褪绿(degreening)现象是绿色器官衰老的显著标志, 其中涉及的叶绿素急速降解是植物衰老的特征性生理生化过程。近十余年来, 叶绿素降解的主要生化途径(PAO途径)已基本被阐明。游离的叶绿素及其代谢中间产物具有潜在的光毒性, 因此精准调控的叶绿素降解被认为是一个高效有序的解毒过程。目前关于叶绿素降解的全局性调控机制依然知之甚少; 多个物种中叶绿素降解关键调控因子SGRs/NYEs的鉴别及其相关作用机理的初步揭示是该领域近年来的最显要进展。上述研究基础预示着近期在叶绿素降解调控的多个方向上可能会取得实质性乃至突破性进展。

关键词：衰老; 叶绿素降解与调控; PAO途径; SGRs/NYEs

收稿：2014-07-09   修定：2014-08-18

资助：国家自然科学基金项目(3117021)和上海市科委重点基础研究项目(13JC1400900)。

Recent Progresses in the Elucidation of Chlorophyll Catabolism and Its Regulation during Green Organ Senescence

CHEN Jun-Yi, ZHU Xiao-Yu, KUAI Ben-Ke*

State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

Corresponding author: KUAI Ben-Ke; E-mail: bkkuai@fudan.edu.cn; Tel: 021-65642648

Abstract:

Degreening is the most obvious phenotypic change during green organ senescence, and the causal process of rapid chlorophyll degradation is one of the characteristic senescence-associated processes. The major biochemical pathway of senescence-associated chlorophyll degradation, i.e. PAO pathway, has been largely elucidated over the past decade or so. Free chlorophyll and its catabolites possess a potential phototoxicity, and therefore the delicately regulated degradation of chlorophyll during senescence is regarded as a detoxification process. So far, the global regulatory mechanism of chlorophyll degradation remains largely unknown. Identification and functional characterization of the key regulatory factor of chlorophyll degradation STAY-GREEN 1 (SGR1)/NON-YELLOWING 1 (NYE1) in diversified species marked a milestone progress of this area in recent years. The areas where significant progresses and/or breakthroughs could be made in the near future are discussed.

Key words: senescence; chlorophyll degradation and regulation; PAO pathway; SGRs/NYEs